Ratio Analyzes of Marks & Spencer Company Research Paper

Ratio Analyzes of Marks & Spencer Company - Research Paper Example And secondly it enables the organization to understand which products or assets of the company are producing more revenues for the company, how efficiently these are being utilized and which products or assets are not profitable and should be replaced or eliminated. From the reporting perspective, accounting provides the bookkeeping of day-to-day activities and every transaction that is taking place. This essential role of reporting enables the company to evaluate itself and avoid any frauds or misinterpretations. Form the decision making perspective, the decisions to evaluate the growth opportunities for the organization, for analyzing the performance of the company, for analyzing the company's ability to pay its suppliers and shareholders etc. a number of operational and strategic decisions like budgeting and investigating are made though accounting. Ratio Analysis is basically analyzing the relationship between different sections of the various financial statements and this analysis is based on a comparison. Ratio analysis can be of two kinds: Comparative Analysis in which the ratios are compared with the industry average ratios and Trend Analysis in which the ratios of the same company are compared on a periodic basis i.e. a year is compared with the previous year. The profitability ratios show that overall the company is in profits and will achieve more profits in future. This is because the profit on sales is higher than the previous year and also the return that the company is getting on its assets has been increasing. Although the return on equity has been decreased which makes the shareholders to resist from investing in future but the shareholders are still expected to invest because the return they are getting is still high and not very low considerably. 3.2. Liquidity Current Ratio Current Ratio = Current Assets/ Current Liabilities For year 2006: = 1142.1/ 2017 = 56.62% For year 2007: = 846.4/ 1606.2 = 52.69% Quick Ratio Quick Ratio = Current Assets - Inventories / Total Current Liabilities For year 2006: = 1142.1- 374.3/ 2017 = 38.06% For year 2007: = 846.4 - 416.3/ 1606.2 = 26.77% The liquidity ratios portray that the company's liquidity has been decreased over time and less cash on hand is present. This portrays that the company is investing more and is therefore low on liquidity. But these

Describe the main features of virture project management techniques in Essay

Describe the main features of virture project management techniques in the digital age and provide a critieal reflection on their use in managing projects - Essay Example The study has been conducted in several stages. The first stage was a review of relevant literature, followed by a discussion on specific topics. Leading textbooks on PM and publications in various journals have been referred to. The study has been laid out in several sections. Sections include principal characteristics of virtual and global projects; attributes of virtual teams and communication channels; motivating teams and PM environment; agile PM; change management for agile PM; and conclusion. Throughout the study, the focus has been on the agile aspect of PM. Ideas, human resources, products, services, and skills move freely regardless of boundaries in global economies. The flow of knowledge, products and services, and capital reflects the economic interdependence between organizations and countries. In globalized economies, resources could be obtained in one market and used for business in another. For example, it is possible to purchase manufacturing equipment from Germany, make products in Greece, and sell products all over Europe. In summary, a firm’s competitive environment is shaped by the global economy. A significant change in the practice of PM has been information management. Burke (2008) observed that the availability of powerful software has seen a shift in data processing from a separate department to the professional’s desk. Project planning software helps the project manager plan and control projects. However, it can be effective only when planning and control techniques are clearly understood. Projects are generally subdivided into different phases for ease of management. These phases are collectively termed as the project lifecycle. According to Burke (2008) techniques for PM include critical path method; work breakdown structure; earned value; resource smoothing; and configuration control. According to Cadle and Yeates (2004) characteristics of projects include finite and transitory nature; uniqueness;